碼農日常-『Android studio』取得手機位置經緯度 LocationManager－碼農日常大小事

本篇來寫點簡單的，本篇來聊聊要如何在手機上取得經緯度定位並顯示

這個呢～其實是我讀書的時候玩過的一個功能XD

就是取得手機經緯定位，然後轉Google map做顯示的一個功能

那麼現在重點來了，我們要如何取得手機的經緯度定位呢?

今天就是要來聊聊這點啦

那麼事不宜遲，看功能！

這次沒有Github哦！

1. 權限設置

首先第一步驟是要設置權限

關於權限設置我之前也有寫過一篇專門講，我就不重複提了

首先請開啟AndroidManifest.xml

截圖 2021-08-01 下午2.06.12

然後加入以下粉底白字的部分

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.noahliu.location">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.Location">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

關於這兩個權限的差別，根據Android官方解釋就是精確定位與粗估定位的差別

->https://developer.android.com/training/location/permissions?hl=zh-cn#foreground

我的話...反正兩個都加入就對了XDDDDD

再來，由於我們的Android版本現在普遍都高於5.0了，所以必須要跟使用者要權限...

請至MainActivity.java，輸入以下內容

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    TextView tvResult;
    Button btShow;
    public static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName()+"My";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tvResult = findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        btShow = findViewById(R.id.button_ShowLocation);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
            }, 100);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        getLocal();
    }

    private void getLocal() {
        
    }
    /**監聽位置變化*/
    
}

如此一來，權限設置就完成囉:D

接下來的內容，我們都寫在getLocal()內！

2. 定位撰寫

再來，我們要設置兩個東西

1. 定位

2. 監聽定位

那首先先來寫監聽定位LocationLinister

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    TextView tvResult;
    Button btShow;
    public static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName()+"My";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tvResult = findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        btShow = findViewById(R.id.button_ShowLocation);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
            }, 100);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        getLocal();
    }

    private void getLocal() {
        
    }//getLocal
    /**監聽位置變化*/
    LocationListener mListener = new LocationListener() {
        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            showLocation(location);
        }
    };

    
}

這個監聽器，會在手機位置改變時自動更新參數喔！

再來寫定位(getLocal內)

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    TextView tvResult;
    Button btShow;
    public static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName()+"My";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tvResult = findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        btShow = findViewById(R.id.button_ShowLocation);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
            }, 100);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        getLocal();
    }

    private void getLocal() {
        /**沒有權限則返回*/
        if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return;
        }
        String localProvider = "";
        LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        /**知道位置後..*/
        Location location = manager.getLastKnownLocation(localProvider);
        if (location != null){
            showLocation(location);
        }else{
            Log.d(TAG, "getLocal: ");
            manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 1000, 1, mListener);
            manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 1000, 1, mListener);
        }
    }
    /**監聽位置變化*/
    LocationListener mListener = new LocationListener() {
        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            
        }
    };
}

首先，當然是要double check權限是否有被設置

/**沒有權限則返回*/
if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
        checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    return;
}

再來，調用LocationManager

LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

如果想手動設置抓定位來源的話，可以自己寫

String localProvider = "";
/**知道位置後..*/
Location location = manager.getLastKnownLocation(localProvider);

一般來說有網路提供NETWORK_PROVIDER

跟GPS提供GPS_PROVIDER

兩種

我不管，兩個都寫XD

if (location != null){
    showLocation(location);
}else{
    Log.d(TAG, "getLocal: ");
    manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 1000, 1, mListener);
    manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 1000, 1, mListener);
}

OK，寫到這裡，執行

3. 跳轉

最後是顯示與跳轉，其實也是個很簡單的道理，就是取得GoogleMap的URL做跳轉而已

很簡單的，來吧

private void showLocation(Location location){
    String address = "緯度："+location.getLatitude()+"經度："+location.getLongitude();
    tvResult.setText(address);
    btShow.setOnClickListener(view -> {
        String url = "https://www.google.com/maps/@"+location.getLatitude()+","+location.getLongitude()+",15z";
        Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        i.setData(Uri.parse(url));
        startActivity(i);
    });

}

最後是全部程式～

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    TextView tvResult;
    Button btShow;
    public static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName()+"My";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tvResult = findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        btShow = findViewById(R.id.button_ShowLocation);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
            }, 100);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        getLocal();
    }

    private void getLocal() {
        /**沒有權限則返回*/
        if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return;
        }
        LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        String localProvider = "";
        /**知道位置後..*/
        Location location = manager.getLastKnownLocation(localProvider);
        if (location != null){
            showLocation(location);
        }else{
            Log.d(TAG, "getLocal: ");
            manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 1000, 1, mListener);
            manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 1000, 1, mListener);
        }
    }
    /**監聽位置變化*/
    LocationListener mListener = new LocationListener() {
        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        }
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            showLocation(location);
        }
    };

    private void showLocation(Location location){
        String address = "緯度："+location.getLatitude()+"經度："+location.getLongitude();
        tvResult.setText(address);
        btShow.setOnClickListener(view -> {
            String url = "https://www.google.com/maps/@"+location.getLatitude()+","+location.getLongitude()+",15z";
            Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
            i.setData(Uri.parse(url));
            startActivity(i);
        });

    }
}

好！草草了事！！！(欸不是

其實這週我原本打算寫點難的東西，但素...

我的Project突然臨時有bug，害我得假修...窩的天

所以情急之下，只好改了個比較簡單的主題(哭

好啦，不論如何；我都還是有寫程式驗證過可行才PO的啦！

那最後～

程式設計筆記 Android Studio Java Andoird androidapp開發 androidstudio教學 Android studio 經緯度定位手機定位 LocationManager Local 經度緯度 Google 地圖 LocationListener 權限網路定位 GPS

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